离子交换树脂的结构
Structure of ion exchange resin
离子交换树脂的内部结构，如下图所示。由三部分组成，分别是：
The internal structure of the ion exchange resin, as shown in the following diagram. It is composed of three parts:
(1) 高分子骨架 由交联的高分子聚合物组成：
(1) the polymer skeleton consists of crosslinked polymer:
(2)离子交换基团 它连在高分子骨架上，带有可交换的离子(称为反离子)的
(2) the ion exchange group is connected to a polymer skeleton with an exchangeable ion (called a reverse ion).
离子型官能团或带有极性的非离子型官能团；
Ionic functional groups or non ionic functional groups with polarity;
(3)孔 它是在干态和湿态的离子交换树脂中都存在的高分子结构中的孔(凝胶
(3) hole it is a pore (gel) in a polymer structure that exists in a dry and wet ion exchange resin.
孔)和高分子结构之间的孔(毛细孔)。
Hole) and the hole between the polymer structure (Mao Xikong).
在交联结构的高分子基体(骨架)上，以化学键结合着许多交换基团，这些交换基团也是由两部分组成：固定部分和活动部分。交换基团中的固定部分被束缚在高分子的基体上，不能自由移动，所以称为固定离子；交换基团的活动部分则是与固定离子以离子键结合的符号相反的离子，称为反离子或可交换离子。反离子在溶液中可以离解成自由移动的离子，在一定条件下，它能与符号相同的其他反离子发生交换反应。
On the cross-linked polymer matrix (skeleton), chemical bonds are combined with many exchange groups. These exchange groups consist of two parts: the fixed part and the active part. The fixed part of the exchange group is bound to the polymer matrix and can not move freely, so it is called fixed ion. The active part of the exchange group is the opposite sign of the binding ion with the fixed ion, which is called counter ion or exchangeable ion. The reverse ion can be dissociated into a free moving ion in a solution, and under certain conditions, it can exchange reaction with other counterions of the same symbol.